MoMIR-PPC: Monitoring the gut microbiota and immune response to predict, prevent and control zoonoses in humans and livestock in order to minimize the use of antimicrobials.
| Start: | 1 January 2018 |
| Duration: | 2 Years |
| Domain: | Foodborne Zoonoses |
| Keywords: | Gut microbiota, immune response, heterogeneity of infection, Salmonella, computational model |
| Contact: | Philippe Velge (INRA) |
The Project #MOMIR
MoMIR-PPC aims to develop new approaches to predict, identify and prevent the appearance of animal and human Super-shedders based on immune response and gut microbiota composition.
Many early studies on infectious disease epidemiology assumed that susceptible hosts within a population had equal chances of becoming infected. Consequently, the majority of control measures and intervention strategies are based on this paradigm as well as the mathematical models of pathogen transmission. However, recent studies have uncovered the importance of host heterogeneity in infection and it has been shown that a minority of the infected individuals are responsible for the majority of the infections. In the case of pathogens transmitted via the faecal-oral route, these individuals are those that shed the highest numbers of bacteria and are known as Super-spreaders or Super-shedders. The most important zoonoses (salmonellosis, colibacillosis and campylobacteriosis) are no exception to this general rule (Marshall & French 2011 MAF; Bearson et al. Infect Genet Evol, 2013). To improve the microbial safety of food and to develop new preventive measures for controlling zoonosis, this heterogeneity of infection must be taken into account and the interventions to the super-shedders must be targeted.
MoMIR-PPC’s main objective is to improve EU industry sustainability and safe trade by providing information and tools leading to on-farm control of the bacteria. To maximise the feasibility of the project, the focus is put on Salmonella infection, which is a priority for Europe (The EFSA Journal, 2013 11(4)) . Salmonellosis will serve as a model for other zoonotic bacteria as Campylobacter and E. coli. The biomarkers, diagnostic tools and the control measures obtained in this project should be easily translated to these bacteria in a future project.
The main achievements will be the development of:
- Predictive markers based on that will sign the risk to become a super-shedder of Salmonella.
- Immune and microbiota biomarkers of excretion that will be useful to detect animal super- shedders and/ or human prolonged carriers.
- Preventive measures and /or control measures of this zoonotic problem by the characterisation of prebiotics, probiotics and nutraceutical products, which could be use in animals but also in human
- A pool of biosecurity measures at the farm levels, with a cost effectiveness, thanks to the mathematical models at between- and within-host scal These mathematical models will provide new tools to risk managers for prevention and control of Salmonella infections but which should be easily adapted to other zoonotic pathogens.
Publications
Moreno MA., Florez-Cuadrado D., Ugarte-Ruiz M. and Dominguez L Veterinarios y antibióticos: destinados a entenderse. Profesión Veterinaria. Asis, 2018 ISBN: 2253-7244. 2018.
Florez-Cuadrado D., Moreno MA., Ugarte-Ruiz M. and Dominguez L Antimicrobial Resistance in the Food Chain in the European Union. Advances in Food and Nutrition Research. Elsevier, 2018 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2018.04.004
Menanteau P, Kempf F, Trotereau J, Virlogeux-Payant I, Guitton E, Dalifard J, Gabriel I, Rychlik I, and Velge P. (2018) Role of systemic infection, cross contaminations and super-shedders in Salmonella carrier state in chicken. Environmental Microbiology. DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14294
